dismay、upset、depression、frustration、disappointment、discouragement的区别
dismay
因突发事件产生的震惊与沮丧交织的情绪
upset
泛指情绪不安或烦乱，程度较轻
depression
长期持续的深度抑郁，可能达到临床程度
frustration
因受阻或无能为力而产生的挫败感
disappointment
期望落空时产生的失望情绪
discouragement
失去信心或勇气的状态
考试成绩
工作场景
| Word | 情绪强度 | 持续时间 | 典型触发场景 |
|---|
| dismay | 中高强度（震惊+沮丧） | 短期 | 突发坏消息 |
| upset | 轻度到中度 | 短期 | 日常不顺心 |
| depression | 高强度（可能病理性的） | 长期 | 重大生活变故 |
| frustration | 中度 | 短期到中期 | 目标受阻 |
| disappointment | 轻度到中度 | 短期 | 期望落空 |
| discouragement | 中度 | 中期 | 反复失败 |
❌ I feel depression because my coffee spilled.
✅ I feel upset/dismay because my coffee spilled.（轻微日常事件不用depression）
❌ His discouragement lasted only five minutes.
✅ His disappointment/dismay lasted only five minutes.（discouragement通常持续时间较长）
❌ She was dismayed by the traffic jam and felt depression.
✅ She was dismayed by the traffic jam and felt frustration.（交通堵塞引起的挫败感）
❌ The movie left me in deep depression.
✅ The movie left me disappointed/upset.（电影引起的情绪通常是失望或不快）
❌ He was upset about his clinical depression diagnosis.
✅ He was dismayed/upset about his clinical depression diagnosis.（诊断结果通常用dismay或upset）
❌ After the breakup, she felt dismay for weeks.
✅ After the breakup, she felt depression for weeks.（分手后的情绪通常是depression）
❌ The exam result caused me discouragement.
✅ The exam result caused me disappointment/upset.（考试结果通常是失望或不快）
选择最合适的词：___ overwhelmed her when she saw the destroyed artwork.
A. Depression
B. Dismay
C. Discouragement
D. Frustration
哪个词描述因交通堵塞而迟到的心情？
A. Depression
B. Upset
C. Frustration
D. Disappointment
填空：After six failed interviews, he felt complete ___.
A. disappointment
B. discouragement
C. depression
D. dismay
选择正确的句子：
A. She was upset by the news of her friend's accident.
B. She was depression by the news of her friend's accident.
哪个词可以描述对考试结果的失望？
A. Dismay
B. Upset
C. Disappointment
D. Frustration
Extended Words
- despair（绝望）
- dejection（沮丧）
- melancholy（忧郁）
- resentment（愤恨）
Clinical Term 只有depression可用于临床诊断（如clinical depression抑郁症）
Physical Expression upset也可指身体不适（stomach upset胃部不适）